1973 B.S. State University of New York at Albany, Albany, New York 1977 D.M.D. Boston University, Henry M. Goldman School of Graduate Dentistry, Boston, Massachusetts 1983 M.D. University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts Postdoctoral Training: 1977-1978 General Practice Residency in Dentistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Bronx Municipal Hospital Center, Bronx, New York 1978-1979 Intern, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 1979-1980 Assistant Resident, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 1980-1981 Clinical Fellow in Plastic Surgery/Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Children's Hospital Medical Center and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 1981 Chief Resident, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 1983-1984 Second-year Resident, General Surgery, New Engalnd Deaconess-Harvard Surgical Service, New England Deaconess Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts